Appeal outs are time plays, not forces. This is often a source of confusion. An appeal out does not nullify a run, unless it is the third (or fourth) out, and retires a runner that was ahead of the run. Situation: 1st and 3rd, one out. Deep fly ball to center. The runner on first goes halfway and th...

When they indicate that a pitcher gets credit for a whole inning if they throw a single pitch, most leagues mean for determination of pitcher eligibility due to mandatory pitching limitations. That is, if there is an inning limit for pitchers in the league, they determine an inning pitched to have b...

NFHS Baseball Rule 10-1-4: Any umpire's decision which involves judgment, such as whether a hit is fair or foul, whether a pitch is a strike or a ball, or whether a runner is safe or out, is final. But if there is reasonable doubt about some decision being in conflict with the rules, the coach or ca...

Assuming that Loftis has thrown the entire inning, all the runners, including the most recent walk, are his responsibility in both scenarios -- replaced at 3-0 or after the walk. He can no longer win, as the tying run belongs to him. He can lose, if one of the runners on base scores before the end o...

Tagging the base to retire the runner is NOT the primary determining factor on whether an out is a force. A force can only occur as a result of the batter-runner advancing to first base -- that is, the batter running to first forces the advance of other runners. There are other plays where the defen...